Ontology
The formal semantic knowledge graph of the WE DON'T DESIGN thought system
This ontology constitutes a formal semantic framework for the WE DON'T DESIGN practice, developed as a computational instantiation of an anti-functionalist design philosophy. Encoded in OWL 2 DL (Description Logic) and serialised in RDF/Turtle syntax, the knowledge graph comprises 155 named classes, 82 object properties, and 3,721 triples that systematically axiomatise the relationships between conceptual abstractions, material instantiations, and phenomenological outcomes. The model employs class restrictions, symmetric and selected transitive properties, and controlled property chain axioms to support automated reasoning. A work embodying a given tension, for example, can inherit the cognitive effect formally associated with that tension. Unlike design ontologies organised primarily around form or function, this structure gives formal expression to a system based on subtraction, absence, semantic tension, material conditions, fruition, and cultural relation. Its scope therefore extends beyond classification to the logical representation of works, materials, creative processes, audience relations, and cultural genealogies.
The ontology also establishes a dated and citable record of the conceptual apparatus developed by WE DON'T DESIGN. Concepts that would otherwise remain distributed across works, texts, and editorial material are assigned stable identifiers and explicit relations. This contributes to intellectual-property documentation and makes the system addressable by semantic search, linked-data tools, and machine agents. External authority is used selectively: 66 Wikidata Q-items identify cultural figures, movements, works, places, and materials where an adequate correspondence exists, while the internal definitions and relations remain governed by the WDD ontology. The resulting graph can also be examined independently as a formal model within design-theory research.
The ontology is organised into four interconnected domains. ESSENCE contains meta-axioms, the foundational axiom, operational axioms and principles, tensions, and exploration themes. PHENOMENOLOGY contains works, physical and conceptual materials, paradoxes, and the creative process. ECOSYSTEM models authors, audience categories, anti-audience positions, and the relational structure surrounding the works. RESONANCE contains cognitive effects, cultural lineage, historical movements, curatorial clusters, and qualified cultural-reference assertions. The current graph contains 39 reference persons and 51 movement principles. Provenance and governance operate across these domains through ReferenceAssertion, PROV-O relations, evidence and editorial states, SHACL constraints, and approved-public export rules. Cultural influence is not treated as generically transitive: movement-level influence is derived only through the controlled chain influencedByAgent / belongsToMovement → influencedByMovement.
Ontology explorer
The graph explorer provides a node-level view of the released ontology. Navigation begins from WE DON'T DESIGN and follows the four-domain structure used by the ontology. RDF assertions and derived relations can then be inspected at resource level.
System architecture
WDD_ONTOLOGY_ROOT
|
+-- WE DON'T DESIGN
|
+-- 01_ESSENCE
| |-- Meta-Axioms
| | +-- We don't design
| |
| |-- Foundational Axiom
| | +-- Absence Is More
| |
| |-- Operational Axioms
| |-- Operational Principles
| |-- Foundational Tensions
| +-- Exploration Themes
|
+-- 02_PHENOMENOLOGY
| |-- Works
| | |-- Mirrorless
| | |-- Memorie
| | |-- Aldilà
| | +-- 00:00
| | +-- ImmaterialWork
| | +-- NonEditionWork
| |
| |-- Physical Materials
| |-- Conceptual Materials
| |-- Paradoxes
| +-- Creative Process
|
+-- 03_ECOSYSTEM
| |-- Authors
| |-- Audience
| |-- Anti-Audience
| +-- Relational Model
|
+-- 04_RESONANCE
|-- Cognitive Effects
|-- Cultural Lineage
| |-- Historical Movements
| |-- Curatorial Clusters
| +-- Cultural References
|
|-- Qualified ReferenceAssertions
+-- Controlled Derived Relations
CROSS-CUTTING GOVERNANCE
|
+-- SourceDocument / PressRelease
+-- Evidence and Editorial Status
+-- PROV-O Provenance
+-- Wikidata / SKOS Alignment
+-- SHACL Validation
+-- OWL Reasoning
+-- Approved-Public Export Foundational axiom
Absence Is More is declared as both
wdd:FoundationalAxiom and
wdd:OperationalAxiom.
The WDD work model incorporates AX03 as a constitutive axiom.
Mirrorless, Memorie and Aldilà embody it explicitly.
00:00 additionally uses wdd:radicalisesAxiom,
marking the case in which absence constitutes the work itself.
AX03_AbsenceIsMore
|
+-- rdf:type --> FoundationalAxiom
+-- rdf:type --> OperationalAxiom
|
+-- Mirrorless --> embodiesAxiom --> AX03
+-- Memorie --> embodiesAxiom --> AX03
+-- Aldilà --> embodiesAxiom --> AX03
+-- 00:00 --> radicalisesAxiom --> AX03
radicalisesAxiom
rdfs:subPropertyOf
embodiesAxiom No genealogical or derivational relation is asserted between Absence Is More and Mies van der Rohe's Less Is More. The latter remains a cultural reference associated with 00:00 and has no constitutive role in AX03.
Controlled inference
Cultural influence is not modelled as a transitive relation.
Movement-level influence may be derived only from an asserted
wdd:influencedByAgent relation combined with a strong historical
wdd:belongsToMovement membership.
ASSERTED
Mirrorless
|
+-- influencedByAgent --> Lucio Fontana
|
+-- belongsToMovement --> Spatialism
OWL PROPERTY CHAIN
influencedByAgent / belongsToMovement
-->
influencedByMovement
DERIVED
Mirrorless
+-- influencedByMovement --> Spatialism
EXCLUDED FROM THE CHAIN
citesArtist
associatedWithMovement
belongsToCuratorialCluster
generic influencedBy transitivity wdd:associatedWithMovement and
wdd:belongsToCuratorialCluster
are excluded from the property chain.
They therefore retain their weaker historical or curatorial status without generating movement-level influence.
Example queries
The following SPARQL queries address three recurrent operations: work-to-concept analysis, material hierarchy traversal, and the reconstruction of controlled cultural influence.
1. Retrieve Works Instantiating Conceptual Tensions
PREFIX wdd: <https://wedontdesign.com/ontology#>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
SELECT ?work ?workTitle ?tension ?tensionLabel
WHERE {
?work a wdd:Work ;
wdd:embodiesTension ?tension ;
rdfs:label ?workTitle .
?tension rdfs:label ?tensionLabel .
}
ORDER BY ?tensionLabel
LIMIT 20 Purpose: identify the tensions explicitly embodied by each WDD work and inspect their distribution across the corpus.
2. Traverse Material Semantic Hierarchy
PREFIX wdd: <https://wedontdesign.com/ontology#>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#>
SELECT ?material ?materialLabel ?category ?superCategory
WHERE {
?material a ?category .
?category rdfs:subClassOf+ wdd:PhysicalMaterial ;
rdfs:subClassOf ?superCategory .
?material rdfs:label ?materialLabel .
FILTER (?category != wdd:PhysicalMaterial)
FILTER (?superCategory != owl:Thing)
}
ORDER BY ?superCategory ?category
LIMIT 50 Purpose:
traverse the material taxonomy through
rdfs:subClassOf+
and recover material individuals together with their immediate and broader categories.
3. Map Controlled Cultural Influence
PREFIX wdd: <https://wedontdesign.com/ontology#>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
SELECT ?work ?workTitle ?artist ?artistName ?movement ?movementLabel
WHERE {
?work a wdd:Work ;
wdd:influencedByAgent ?artist ;
rdfs:label ?workTitle .
?artist wdd:belongsToMovement ?movement ;
rdfs:label ?artistName .
?movement rdfs:label ?movementLabel .
}
ORDER BY ?movementLabel ?artistName Purpose: inspect artist-level influence together with strong historical movement membership. The corresponding movement-level influence can be entailed by the declared OWL property chain.
Query execution: the examples require a SPARQL 1.1 compliant store. The public Turtle file can be loaded locally into Apache Jena Fuseki, GraphDB, or an equivalent RDF store.
Logic definition
interface WDD_System {
foundationalAxiom: "Absence is more";
design(input: any): void {
if (input.isDecorative) {
this.remove(input);
}
return this.amplify(input.meaning);
}
interact(work: Work): Effect {
return work.activateMeaning();
}
} * The algorithm filters objects by "existential cost" rather than price.
Technical details
Standard Compliance
- OWL 2 DL
- RDF 1.1 Turtle
- RDF/XML serialisation
- SPARQL 1.1
- PROV-O
- SKOS
Graph Structure
- 155 named OWL classes
- + 1 anonymous class expression
- 82 object properties
- 31 datatype properties
- 11 annotation properties
- 523 named individuals
Governance and Validation
- 22 qualified ReferenceAssertions
- 15 SHACL NodeShapes
- 66 unique Wikidata Q-items
- TTL / RDF/XML isomorphism
- SHACL release validation
- OWL reasoner gate
Citation
The ontology may be cited as a versioned dataset.
APA 7th Edition
Meneghello, F. (2026). WE DON'T DESIGN ontology: A formal semantic knowledge graph for anti-functionalist design practice (Version 2.1.1) [Dataset]. https://wedontdesign.com/ontology
Chicago Manual of Style (17th ed.)
Meneghello, Francesco. 2026. "WE DON'T DESIGN Ontology: A Formal Semantic Knowledge Graph for Anti-Functionalist Design Practice." Version 2.1.1. Dataset. https://wedontdesign.com/ontology.
BibTeX Entry
@misc{wdd_ontology_2026,
author = {Meneghello, Francesco},
title = {{WE DON'T DESIGN} Ontology: A Formal Semantic Knowledge
Graph for Anti-Functionalist Design Practice},
year = {2026},
version = {2.1.1},
howpublished = {\url{https://wedontdesign.com/ontology}},
note = {OWL 2 DL ontology, 155 named classes, 3,721 RDF triples.
License: CC BY-NC-ND 4.0},
type = {Dataset}
} Download
The stable public filenames identify the current released serialisations. Version information is carried by the ontology metadata.
Canonical Turtle distribution for RDF tools, SPARQL stores, and source inspection.
RDF/XML serialisation for Protégé, OWLAPI, reasoners, and compatible ontology software.